Tables 11-27, pp. 206-215, in Bioethics for the People by the People, Darryl R. J. Macer, Ph.D., Eubios Ethics Institute 1994.

Copyright 1994, Eubios Ethics Institute. All commercial rights reserved. This publication may be reproduced for limited educational or academic use, however please enquire with Eubios Ethics Institute.

Table 11: Acceptance and reasoning about gene therapy

% Public Students

US86 US92 J91 NZ A J Ind T R Isr NZ A J Ind T P S HK

Q26. If tests showed that you were likely to get a serious or fatal genetic disease later in life, how willing would you be to undergo therapy to have those genes corrected before symptoms appear? Why?

++ 35 30 25 47 50 42 61 35 23 54 52 43 44 60 34 43 49 40

+ 43 49 29 25 27 24 16 20 24 16 34 44 30 14 30 35 34 38

- 12 9 18 9 6 15 5 11 6 4 3 2 11 2 11 11 6 6

-- 9 9 12 4 4 6 4 24 13 0 3 2 5 4 16 3 2 3

DK 2 2 16 15 13 13 14 10 34 26 7 6 10 20 9 8 9 13

N 318 195 335 529 684 414 50 96 110 421 310 230 151 249 104

Not stated 16 14 32 37 23 60 58 15 17 29 38 15 38 38 35

Don't know 2.5 0.5 2.7 1.1 3.1 7.0 0 0 0 3.3 1.9 2.2 1.3 0.4 0

Saves life 34 43 26 41 19 13 24 52 38 38 41 21 39 39 43

Saves family 4.4 5.6 3.3 4.7 2.6 0 2 2.1 0 0.2 3.2 31 1.3 2.0 1.9

Improve quality of life 15 13 9.6 3.4 5.6 1.2 4 7.3 15 4.5 5.2 16 5.9 3.6 1.0

Depends on situation 19 25 9.0 4.3 12 4.8 12 28 38 11 3.9 9.5 3.3 6.4 11

Improve genes 1.9 0.5 5.4 5.5 8.6 0.2 0 2.1 0.9 1.9 6.1 6.0 2.6 2.8 3.8

Other benefit 7.0 4.1 11 1.1 2.9 2.7 0 2.1 1.8 2.9 3.2 0.9 0 0.8 2.9

Economic comment 1.9 1.0 0 1.3 1.3 1.4 0 0 1.8 0 1.3 0.9 0.7 1.6 0

Eugenics/Misuse 0.9 0 1.8 0.4 0.9 0.5 0 0 0 1.7 0 0 0 0 0

Playing God/unnatural 5.3 7.2 5.1 4.5 15 0 2 9.3 5.5 5.2 1.6 20 2.0 5.2 6.7

Against ethics 0.6 0 0.3 0 0.3 0.5 0 0 0.9 1.0 0 0 0 0 0

Health risk 8.0 10 5.7 2.8 3.4 5.1 8 3.1 3.6 10 4.2 0 12 6.4 11

Other harm 3.1 2.1 3.6 1.5 0.2 3.4 2 0 0 2.4 0.3 0 1.3 1.2 1.9

Q27. If you had a child with a usually fatal genetic disease, how willing would you be to have the child undergo therapy to have those genes corrected? Why?

++ 51 52 37 60 57 53 73 67 35 62 58 49 51 70 79 57 67 59

+ 35 36 29 22 25 21 10 16 24 18 26 39 25 9 13 24 24 26

- 7 5 11 3 2 10 3 2 5 2 5 4 7 3 1 7 3 4

-- 4 4 7 2 2 1 3 5 6 0 1 1 2 4 2 3 0 3

DK 3 3 16 13 14 15 11 10 30 18 10 7 15 14 5 9 6 8

N 317 196 335 527 675 436 50 96 110 417 309 230 150 173 104

Not stated 16 13 29 41 23 62 62 16 16 32 39 15 39 60 35

Don't know 1.0 0.5 2.1 1.3 3.9 4.8 0 0 0 2.6 1.3 2.2 1.3 0.4 0

Saves life 42 44 36 42 24 17 22 49 47 40 43 21 37 27 43

Saves family 1.6 2.6 2.7 2.1 8.4 0 2 3.1 0.9 0 0.6 31 0 1.2 0

Improve quality of life 23 19 13 8.3 17 0.9 6 13 16 5.0 9.1 16 11 7.6 2.9

Depends on situation 20 31 13 2.3 33 5.5 10 27 33 16 2.9 0.9 4.0 2.0 14

Improve genes 0.3 0 2.7 5.7 9.9 0.5 0 0 0.9 1.2 4.9 7.4 0.7 0.4 0

Other benefit 6.0 2.0 6.6 1.3 2.5 2.5 0 1.0 1.8 1.2 1.9 0.9 1.3 0.4 1.0

Economic comment 0.9 1.0 0 1.1 0.9 1.4 0 0 0.9 0 0.7 0 0 0 0

Eugenics/Misuse 0.6 0 1.2 0.4 0.3 0 2 0 0 1.2 0 1.3 0 0 0

Playing God/unnatural 2.2 4.6 2.1 2.3 2.2 0 0 1.0 2.7 2.4 0.3 0.9 1.3 0.8 1.9

Against ethics 0.3 0 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.9 0.7 0 0.4 0 0 0

Health risk 4.4 7.7 5.7 2.1 3.6 4.4 6 6.3 2.7 8.9 4.5 0.9 9.9 4.8 8.7

Other harm 0.6 0.5 2.4 1.1 0.3 1.6 2 1.0 0 1.2 1.0 1.7 0.7 0.4 2.9

++ Very willing + Somewhat willing -Somewhat unwilling -- Very unwilling DK Don't know
Abbrevations: J91 - Japan 1991 (Macer, 1992a, N=532); US86 (OTA, 1987, N=1273); US92 (March of Dimes Survey, 1992, N=1032).

Table 12: Reasons cited in open questions for genetic screening

Some genetic diseases can be predicted in the fetus during the early stages of pregnancy. Do you think such tests should be available under government-funded Medicare? Why? Yes No Don't know

In US it did not say funded

Public Students

US86 J91 NZ A J In T R Is NZs As Js In T P S HK

Yes 89 76 79 82 76 72 88 92 88 66 81 74 72 83 61 85 85

No 9 7 12 8 8 12 3 2 8 21 12 9 12 5 26 5 6

DK 2 17 9 10 16 16 9 6 4 13 7 17 16 12 13 10 9

General use NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

Number 322 196 339 530 681 459 50 95 110 430 312 230 157 248 104

Not stated 22.4 21.9 35.1 41.7 27.0 42.7 64 25.3 21.8 42.3 35.9 21.3 44.6 43.6 39.4

Don't know 0.3 0 1.8 0.6 0.6 1.1 0 0 0 1.4 1.6 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.0

Save life 8.7 9.2 16.5 8.9 6.9 11.3 4 11.6 5.5 8.1 7.4 4.3 12.7 3.2 5.8

Parent's life 16.5 23.0 15.3 20.2 2.9 4.1 20 29.5 37.3 14.9 23.7 2.2 6.4 25.0 13.5

To know 17.4 11.2 11.8 2.5 9.7 2.4 0 3.2 12.7 3.5 1.0 7.8 2.5 6.9 3.9

Improve quality of life 8.1 7.7 2.9 1.5 13.4 5.0 0 2.2 9.1 0.9 3.5 9.1 0 2.4 0

Depends on case 5.6 7.7 3.5 2.5 0.7 2.0 6 13.7 4.5 1.6 0.3 1.7 4.5 0.4 1.0

Improve genes 3.7 6.6 1.5 7.4 3.2 11.1 2 3.2 1.8 1.2 7.7 2.6 0.6 6.0 13.5

Other benefit 3.1 1.0 7.7 1.9 1.9 3.9 6 1.1 0 3.5 1.9 1.3 1.9 4.4 2.9

Health care is a right 16.8 21.4 12.7 17.2 10.7 4.1 14 8.4 10.9 19.8 18.9 21.3 16.6 15.3 24.0

Economy 13.4 13.3 0.9 4.9 11.6 0.7 4 13.7 11.8 1.2 6.1 10.0 12.1 5.2 10.6

Fetus right to life 4.3 3.1 2.1 0.8 0 0 2 14.7 7.3 1.2 1.6 0 3.8 2.0 1.9

Eugenics/Misuse 0.6 0.5 0.9 1.5 1.0 0.4 0 5.3 0 1.4 2.2 0 2.5 0.8 0

Play God/unnatural 1.6 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.2 0 2.1 0 0.5 0.3 0 0.6 0 0

Ethics 0.6 0 2.1 0 0 0.4 0 0 0 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.9 0 0

Health risk 0.6 0 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.7 0 1.1 0 0.2 1.3 1.3 0 0 1.9

Other harm 4.0 2.0 5.3 2.3 0.3 0.1 0 2.2 4.5 3.7 1.3 0.9 1.3 1.6 1.9

Would you want such a test during (your/your spouse's) pregnancy? Why?

US86 US92 J91 NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

Yes 69 64 57 66 73 61 64 77 80 84 63 69 66 68 82 53 83 77

No 27 32 17 18 15 16 21 13 8 16 24 15 10 16 7 32 6 10

DK 4 4 26 16 12 23 15 10 12 0 13 16 24 16 11 15 11 13

Personal Use NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

Number 319 196 330 532 681 442 50 95 110 423 308 230 156 248 104

Not stated 25.4 28.6 45.3 42.1 32.0 41.2 68 24.2 25.5 42.8 41.9 23.0 46.8 43.2 40.4

Don't know 0.6 0.5 1.8 0.6 1.9 2.0 0 0 0 4.3 1.0 1.3 1.3 0 0

Save life 11.0 13.3 18.7 11.5 10.7 12.2 2 11.6 10.9 13.0 8.8 10.4 14.7 11.3 15.4

Parent's life 22.3 32.1 17.2 28.6 7.8 1.8 22 25.3 40.9 22.2 30.8 7.8 14.1 28.2 21.2

To know 16.3 13.3 8.8 3.0 21.3 1.8 2 14.7 15.5 3.3 4.9 21.7 7.7 16.1 14.4

Improve quality of life 6.9 3.5 3.6 2.2 6.5 2.7 0 2.1 8.2 0.9 3.6 6.5 0 2.4 0

Depends on case 13.5 14.3 4.5 8.8 2.1 0.9 6 14.7 9.1 6.4 3.6 2.2 7.7 1.6 9.6

Improve genes 2.8 6.1 0.3 8.3 2.1 7.5 2 2.1 0 0 8.4 3.5 0 2.0 10.6

Other benefit 4.1 2.0 6.9 1.3 0.6 5.0 2 0 0.9 4.5 0.3 0.4 1.9 4.4 1.0

Health care is a right 0 0 1.8 0.2 3.4 3.2 2 0 0 4.5 0.3 12.6 0 0 0

Economy 2.2 2.6 0 0.4 1.3 0 0 2.1 0.9 0 1.0 0 0 1.2 0

Fetus right to life 7.5 4.1 0.9 0.8 1.0 0 2 17.9 7.3 1.9 1.6 1.7 5.1 3.6 1.0

Eugenics/Misuse 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.2 0 1.1 0 0.4 0.7 0 0 0.4 0

Play God/unnatural 4.7 5.1 2.1 4.7 0.4 0.5 2 5.3 6.4 0.7 1.6 1.7 8.3 0.4 1.0

Ethics 0.6 0 1.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0 1.1 0.9 0 0.3 0.4 0 0 0

Health risk 0.6 1.5 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.1 0 1.1 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.3 4.5 0 2.9

Other harm 2.5 2.0 2.7 2.6 1.0 1.6 2 1.1 3.6 1.7 2.6 0.4 3.2 0.4 0

"Parent's life" includes those who said abortion was acceptable; "To know" includes those who only said they would want to see, but they did not indicate in this question they would have an abortion. "Other benefit" includes those who gave personal reasons.

Table 13: Privacy of Genetic Information and HIV status

Public Students

US92 NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

If someone is a carrier of a defective gene or has a genetic disease, who else besides that person deserves to know that information?
Employer

Yes 33 20 18 19 30 48 22 20 5 8 9 21 47 41 39 31

No 63 58 60 56 42 27 56 72 77 69 72 47 32 48 42 49

DK 4 22 22 25 28 25 22 8 18 23 19 32 21 11 19 20

Insurer

Yes 58 39 39 18 44 51 37 6 26 26 18 43 58 52 61 55

No 38 31 38 56 28 22 33 30 52 46 56 25 22 34 22 20

DK 4 30 23 26 38 27 30 24 22 28 26 32 20 14 17 25

Spouse or fiance

Yes 98 95 96 90 80 98 92 86 94 90 91 73 95 98 96 87

No 2 3 3 4 8 1 4 8 4 4 3 9 3 1 1 4

DK 1 2 1 6 12 1 4 6 2 6 6 18 2 1 3 9

Other immediate family

Yes 70 74 74 89 58 87 71 48 61 57 89 52 91 91 88 76

No 27 13 14 5 22 6 15 42 24 25 4 18 4 4 7 13

DK 2 13 12 6 20 7 14 10 15 18 7 30 5 5 5 11

If someone has HIV (the AIDS AIDS virus), who else besides that person deserves to know that information?
Employer

Yes 46 48 28 45 60 24 60 29 38 25 42 55 61 48 53

No 29 33 52 31 19 55 32 45 40 55 34 25 30 35 26

DK 25 19 20 24 21 21 8 26 22 20 24 20 9 17 21

Insurer

Yes 58 57 24 54 61 37 74 44 36 27 51 63 64 63 61

No 20 22 49 24 15 35 12 35 38 49 22 19 25 20 17

DK 22 21 27 22 24 28 14 21 26 24 27 18 11 17 22

Spouse or fiance

Yes 98 98 93 82 98 96 92 96 96 94 76 96 99 98 92

No 1 2 3 7 1 2 2 3 2 2 9 2 1 1 1

DK 1 0 4 11 1 2 6 1 2 4 15 2 0 1 7

Other immediate family

Yes 81 77 89 66 85 70 80 56 66 90 58 89 93 87 81

No 9 14 5 6 7 17 14 25 21 4 20 5 4 8 8

DK 10 9 6 8 8 13 6 19 13 6 22 6 3 5 11

US92 from March of Dimes (1992).

Table 14: Risk perception

Q18. What frequency of a genetic disease do you think is a high risk?

Public Students

NZ A J In T T91 R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

2% 30 33 19 18 24 21 27 33 39 34 21 21 18 8 12 18

5% 22 24 19 17 20 19 19 24 21 27 25 13 15 23 21 35

10% 23 25 23 23 16 22 19 20 23 25 27 14 22 19 26 24

20% 14 11 24 18 15 18 12 16 8 13 20 19 14 22 17 14

50% 11 7 15 24 25 19 23 7 9 1 7 33 31 28 24 9

T91 from Ratanakul (1992) in Human Genome Research and Society (1992); see text.

Table 15: Feelings towards people that have the following diseases:

Muscular Dystrophy Public Students

% of respondents NZ A J In T Is NZ A J In T P S HK

N 329 201 352 419 684 50 96 110 435 184 232 161 235 104

Not stated 7.4 6.6 30.0 35.8 16.2 42 7.4 18.4 26.9 28.8 10.3 29.9 34.9 23.1

Don't know 1.9 6.6 6.3 8.8 5.0 0 6.3 11.1 8.0 11.4 3.9 1.3 3.0 7.7

Sad or Compassion 51.2 43.9 23.8 29.1 51.0 28 46.3 33.0 31.4 30.1 61.2 31.9 40.0 24.1

Want to help 7.1 5.6 6.3 3.8 12.6 2 4.2 2.8 12.6 10.3 8.7 7.6 2.6 5.8

Happy for therapy 3.7 5.6 15.9 7.6 4.2 10 1.1 0.9 8.2 5.4 3.0 2.6 1.3 2.9

People are same 15.7 16.8 5.2 4.1 2.2 8 23.2 19.3 7.3 6.0 4.3 16.6 11.5 8.7

Unlucky 1.9 4.1 0.9 1.7 0.7 0 1.1 4.6 0.2 1.1 0.4 1.9 0 7.7

Admire 2.5 1.5 0.6 0 0.3 0 2.1 2.8 1.9 0.5 0.4 2.6 0 0

Helpless 2.2 1.0 1.4 2.9 1.3 8 3.2 1.8 2.3 4.4 3.0 4.5 3.0 13.5

Other 2.8 5.6 1.4 4.8 1.9 2 0 1.8 0.5 4.4 1.3 0.6 0.9 4.8

Rejection 1.5 1.0 0.3 0 0.2 0 1.1 1.8 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.6 0 0

Can't understand 0.3 0 0 0.5 0.2 0 1.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 1.9

Own fault/depends 0 0 0.6 0 0.3 0 1.1 0 0 0.5 0 0 0.9 0

Afraid & Risk 1.2 1.0 0 0.7 2.5 0 2.1 1.8 0 0.5 1.7 0 0.4 0

Hemophilia Public Students

% of respondents NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

N 329 201 352 419 684 446 50 96 110 435 183 232 161 235 104

Not stated 8.3 7.7 28.6 34.6 14.6 23.5 42 6.3 14.6 27.9 26.8 10.3 28.7 30.2 21.1

Don't know 3.1 5.1 6.9 7.4 4.5 3.7 2 4.2 6.4 7.7 7.1 2.6 1.3 3.0 3.9

Sad-Compassion 49.4 42.6 23.1 27.2 50.6 80.8 26 44.2 25.3 34.2 30.1 60.8 33.8 38.7 26.9

Want to help 6.8 5.1 5.8 3.3 13.0 1.1 2 6.3 3.6 10.1 8.7 10.0 7.0 3.4 6.7

Happy for therapy 4.0 6.2 14.2 7.6 3.1 1.1 10 2.1 1.8 6.3 6.6 2.6 4.5 1.3 1.9

People are same 21.3 20.5 6.9 4.1 2.6 3.1 16 31.6 37.3 9.8 7.7 5.2 16.6 14.5 9.6

Unlucky 1.5 4.1 0.6 1.7 0.6 1.1 0 1.1 3.6 0.2 2.7 0.9 1.3 0 8.7

Admire 0.6 0.5 0.6 0 0.2 0 0 1.1 0.9 0.9 0 0.4 0.6 0 0

Helpless 1.9 0.5 1.7 2.9 0.4 0.6 0 0 1.8 1.6 2.7 0.9 0 3.8 9.6

Other 2.5 5.1 0.9 6.7 2.3 4.2 0 2.1 1.8 0.2 4.4 1.3 0.6 1.3 3.9

Rejection 0.3 1.0 0.3 0 0.4 1.7 0 0 0 0 0.6 0.9 0 0 0

Can't understand 0 0 0 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0

Own fault/depends 0 0 0.6 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0.7 0.6 0.4 0 0.9 0

Afraid & Risk* 0.3 1.0 0 3.8 5.3 0.9 2 1.1 0.9 0.2 2.2 3.5 5.7 2.1 7.7

*"Afraid & Risk" in Hemophilia usually means afraid of them hurting themselves, not others.

AIDS Public Students

% of respondents NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

N 329 201 352 535 682 446 50 96 110 435 314 230 161 235 104

Not stated 6.3 5.6 22.8 18.7 7.6 24.0 40 5.2 3.6 22.4 15.6 4.4 18.5 11.1 9.6

Don't know 2.8 0.5 3.5 1.3 2.6 6.0 2 0 3.6 3.1 3.2 1.7 0.6 1.7 0

Sad-Compassion 34.1 30.8 22.4 19.8 36.1 58.5 20 27.1 19.1 17.9 25.2 31.3 31.2 24.3 15.4

Want to help 4.1 5.1 6.3 5.6 16.6 1.7 0 2.1 3.6 9.9 8.3 17.4 12.7 3.4 3.9

Happy for therapy 1.3 1.5 7.5 6.5 1.5 0.6 6 0 0.9 3.3 5.7 1.3 3.2 2.1 0

People are same 8.8 9.1 11.2 3.6 9.3 4.3 4 19.8 8.2 20.3 5.4 13.5 10.2 8.1 5.8

Unlucky 2.5 5.6 1.7 2.4 1.5 1.4 0 3.1 0.9 0.2 1.9 3.5 1.9 2.1 1.0

Admire 0.6 0 0.3 0 1.0 0 0 0 0.9 0.2 0 1.3 0.6 0 0

Helpless 1.6 2.5 1.7 5.0 0.7 0.9 4 4.2 4.6 1.7 4.8 0.4 3.2 2.6 6.7

Other 0.6 0.5 2.0 3.4 1.3 10.2 0 0 1.8 0.7 2.6 0.4 0 0 1.0

Rejection 3.8 2.0 1.7 8.6 3.8 4.6 8 2.1 3.6 2.1 3.5 3.0 2.6 5.1 8.9

Can't understand 0.3 0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0 0 0.9 0

Own fault/depends 18.8 25.2 13.6 13.8 11.0 4.3 8 12.5 15.5 15.1 14.3 17.4 10.8 38.7 23.1

Afraid & Risk 14.1 11.6 4.3 9.9 5.0 6.5 8 22.9 33.6 3.2 8.9 3.9 3.8 6.0 25.0

Schizophrenia Public Students

% of respondents NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

N 329 201 352 419 685 446 50 96 110 435 183 230 161 235 104

Not stated 11.0 11.2 32.1 29.8 19.9 18.8 44 10.4 21.8 35.1 38.8 13.9 32.3 26.8 33.7

Don't know 7.2 7.6 7.4 8.6 3.7 5.3 4 5.2 14.6 10.1 13.7 1.7 3.2 11.1 16.4

Sad-Compassion 32.4 32.0 15.6 21.7 31.3 57.7 18 25.0 22.7 10.4 17.5 34.3 23.9 37.4 6.7

Want to help 12.0 7.1 5.9 17.2 17.5 2.1 8 9.4 5.5 8.3 15.3 13.9 13.6 3.0 9.6

Happy for therapy 6.3 7.1 14.1 10.6 5.7 1.1 6 5.2 3.6 8.3 5.5 5.2 9.0 2.6 0

People are same 8.5 9.6 5.0 1.4 2.8 4.0 2 11.5 5.5 6.8 1.1 3.5 5.2 10.6 9.6

Unlucky 1.3 2.0 2.1 1.0 1.6 2.4 0 3.1 0 0.2 0.6 0.4 1.3 0 1.0

Admire 0 0 0 0 0.3 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0

Helpless 2.2 2.5 1.8 1.9 0.2 0.8 0 0 0.9 0.7 2.7 1.3 0 2.6 2.9

Other 0.9 1.0 1.8 2.9 0.6 6.9 0 1.0 0 1.7 2.2 0 0.7 0.4 0

Rejection 1.9 2.0 2.4 1.0 3.5 5.6 4 1.0 0.9 3.8 0.6 8.3 2.6 5.1 1.9

Can't understand 4.7 3.1 0.9 1.4 0.9 0.3 2 8.3 1.8 2.8 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.7 1.9

Own fault/depends 2.2 3.1 3.2 0 1.3 0.5 0 3.1 1.8 2.1 0 3.0 1.3 0 1.9

Afraid & Risk 9.1 11.7 8.0 1.4 9.0 10.9 12 16.7 20.9 9.2 1.1 11.7 6.5 4.7 14.4

Mental Depression Public Students

% of respondents NZ A J In T Is NZ A J In T P S HK

N 329 201 352 418 683 50 96 110 435 183 229 161 235 104

Not stated 9.7 9.6 30.2 26.3 19.8 40 10.4 20 34.7 28.4 14.4 31.6 23.4 30.8

Don't know 2.5 7.6 5.6 4.1 4.7 2 5.2 10 9.9 7.7 2.6 1.3 4.3 8.7

Sad-Compassion 36.1 32.5 19.1 24.2 30.8 26 31.2 28.0 10.4 21.9 29.3 29.7 43.8 16.3

Want to help 14.1 12.7 7.9 22.2 24.3 10 10.4 10.0 10.1 26.2 21.0 16.8 6.8 12.5

Happy for therapy 8.5 8.1 16.1 11.2 3.8 8 7.3 6.4 10.6 8.2 3.5 6.5 3.8 0

People are same 10.0 10.2 4.4 1.7 3.7 4 14.6 9.1 8.5 1.1 6.6 7.7 10.2 11.5

Unlucky 2.2 1.5 2.9 1.9 1.8 2 2.1 0 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.7 0 1.0

Admire 0 0 0 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 0 0.9 0 0 0

Helpless 2.2 2.0 0.9 1.4 0 0 1.0 2.7 0.2 0.6 0.9 0 3.0 3.9

Other 0.9 1.5 1.8 3.1 0.6 0 1.0 0.9 0.2 2.2 0 0.7 1.3 1.0

Rejection 1.6 2.5 2.4 0.5 3.1 6 1.0 1.8 3.8 0 5.2 1.3 3.0 3.9

Can't understand 4.7 1.5 0.6 1.0 2.8 0 2.1 0 2.1 0 6.1 0 0.9 1.9

Own fault/depends 3.8 6.1 5.6 0 1.3 0 8.3 3.6 4.5 0 2.2 1.9 0.9 1.9

Afraid & Risk 2.2 4.1 2.6 1.4 1.6 2 5.2 5.5 2.1 2.7 4.9 1.9 4.7 2.8

Neurosis Public Students

% of respondents NZ A J In T Is NZ A J In T P S HK

N 329 201 352 418 683 50 96 110 435 182 229 161 235 104

Not stated 13.5 13.8 31.5 30.4 20.4 44 11.5 25.5 34.8 36.8 14.9 32.9 26.0 35.6

Don't know 8.2 10.7 4.7 6.7 4.0 2 12.5 23.6 8.6 11.0 1.8 3.2 8.9 17.3

Sad or Compassion 31.8 31.1 18.5 22.7 28.0 12 28.1 23.6 12.0 22.0 27.9 26.5 40.9 10.5

Want to help 12.0 7.1 6.2 14.8 19.2 6 8.3 5.5 11.2 17.0 17.0 13.6 3.8 10.5

Happy for therapy 7.6 5.6 16.5 12.4 4.1 6 6.3 3.6 10.7 5.5 3.1 7.7 2.6 1.0

People are same 7.6 9.2 4.4 1.4 3.8 2 10.4 5.5 8.1 1.1 3.9 6.5 9.8 6.7

Unlucky 1.3 3.1 3.2 1.7 1.6 6 4.2 0 1.7 0.6 0.9 1.3 0.4 1.0

Admire 0 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0.9 0 0 0

Helpless 1.6 2.0 1.2 1.4 0.4 0 0 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.4 0 4.3 1.9

Other 0.6 1.5 2.4 3.3 0.7 0 1.0 0 0.7 2.8 0 1.3 0.9 0

Rejection 1.9 2.0 2.7 1.2 4.8 4 2.1 0.9 3.8 0.6 8.3 2.6 3.0 4.8

Can't understand 3.1 2.0 0 1.2 4.5 0 3.1 0 1.0 0.6 4.8 0.7 1.3 1.9

Own fault/depends 6.3 6.6 5.6 0.2 2.5 0 3.1 2.7 5.5 0 3.5 1.3 0 0

Afraid & Risk 4.4 5.1 3.2 3.8 4.2 3 9.4 8.2 2.2 1.7 10.0 2.6 3.0 8.7

Table 16: (Q19) Do you know anyone who has a genetic disease?

Public Students

NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

% who knew 47 44 68 39 57 75 58 43 50 73 36 42 38 16 43

N who knew 162 104 106 159 386 106 29 52 54 112 65 96 59 40 45

Not stated 17 5 13 15 37 18 6 1 0 18 6 15 6 3 2

Diabetes 14 6 8 31 104 9 2 5 3 2 11 23 5 4 1

Hemophilia 19 10 11 21 23 12 2 11 6 12 10 7 3 2 4

Muscular dystrophy 20 16 10 6 6 1 2 4 5 15 3 1 2 1 3

Depression 3 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Schizophrenia 2 1 2 1 0 11 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

Neurosis 0 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0

Alcoholism 1 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mental handicap 1 4 8 16 29 0 0 1 0 1 4 6 2 1 1

Huntington's 6 3 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0

Asthma 6 1 1 3 11 1 1 1 1 0 1 4 0 1 1

Spina bifida 9 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 0

Cystic fibrosis 13 11 0 0 0 0 1 10 8 0 0 0 0 0 0

Heart disease 6 3 6 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 3

Down's 38 24 8 19 28 11 9 14 28 30 8 5 32 10 10

Dwarfism 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0

Physical deformity 5 7 5 4 7 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0

Parkinson's 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

Epilepsy 1 0 7 2 6 8 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Alzheimer's 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colour blindness 0 1 30 7 17 - 0 3 3 32 5 14 1 0 7

PKU 5 0 0 0 0 - 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

Deaf/blind 2 2 1 3 2 - 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0

Thalassemia - - - 0 43 - 0 - - - 0 2 0 5 8

Cancer - - - 2 19 - 1 - - - 1 2 1 1 -

Albino - - - 5 4 - 0 - - 2 1 3 0 1 0

Sickle cell anemia 0 0 0 3 4 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

Others 34 29 22 44 78 25 13 14 9 20 19 25 17 12 14

Personal 8 4 1 0 2 0* 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

Several 4 3 4 5 15 4 5 0 0 6 0 0 2 1 0

Table 17: (Q24) Do you know anyone who has, or has had, a mental disease?

Public Students

NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

% who knew 30 39 59 53 41 70 46 41 69 67 34 28 36 16 22

N who knew 219 116 137 217 280 128 23 56 34 137 61 63 54 39 23

Not stated 24 11 22 21 42 22 7 2 0 29 7 7 8 9 6

Depression 117 43 58 68 41 7 3 26 15 66 12 7 8 9 4

Schizophrenia 51 45 33 31 63 51 2 21 9 45 6 17 15 2 6

Neurosis 15 6 21 47 87 7 3 1 0 6 11 14 10 3 1

Alcoholism 0 1 0 1 1 12 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

Handicapped 6 5 9 27 17 0 1 3 1 5 10 7 5 2 2

Huntington's 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Down's 8 4 0 3 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 4 7 0

Parkinson's 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

Epilepsy 1 0 3 1 0 13 0 2 1 2 2 0 0 0 0

Alzheimer's 21 13 1 0 0 0 4 7 6 0 0 1 0 0 0

Other 12 14 5 33 68 12 3 13 5 5 19 16 7 6 4

Personal 12 6 3 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0

Several 8 6 7 9 2 0 0 3 4 4 0 0 2 0 0

Table 18 : Interest in science and technology

Q3. Which of these statements best describes your interest in science and technology?

1 Not at all interested

2 Not very interested

3 Interested

4 Very Interested

5 Extremely Interested

Public Students

NZ NZ90 A J J91 In T R Isrl US86 NZ A J In T P S HK

1 1 5 0 1 2 3 0.5 2 2 18 0 0 0 2 0.4 1 0 0

2 6 17 3 17 24 7 2 31 10 11 1 3 11 3 2 1 6 9

3 52 47 46 43 45 43 40 57 56 48 34 35 47 37 50 33 53 54

4 27 21 34 27 15 27 50 10 20 23 43 47 27 34 41 49 33 33

5 14 10 17 12 14 20 7 - 12 - 22 15 15 24 7 16 8 4

Table 19: Benefit/risk of science and technology

Q4. Overall do you think science and technology do more harm than good, more good than harm, or about the same of each?

1 More harm: 2 More good: 3 Same: 4 Don't know

Public
PMO New Scientist
Students

NZ A J J90 In T R Isrl. A89 UK89 China NZ A J In T P S HK

Harm 5 4 5 7 7 3 5 10 10 9 2 3 4 6 6 4 5 9 6

Good 57 66 42 53 53 54 40 66 56 44 82 58 56 36 43 32 58 37 53

Same 34 27 45 31 36 42 49 22 26 37 12 36 35 52 47 64 35 50 39

DK 5 3 8 10 4 1 6 2 2 10 5 3 5 6 4 0 2 4 2

Table 20: Support for patenting

Q30. People who create something original can obtain financial reward for their efforts through patents and copyright. In your opinion, for which of the following should people be able to obtain patents and copyright?

1 Approve 2 Disapprove 3 Don't know

Public Students

NZ NZ90 A J J91 In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

New Inventions, such as consumer products

Yes 90 93 93 85 91 79 78 52 76 93 90 92 72 75 89 76 65

No 4 7 2 6 3 12 9 15 10 2 3 2 15 14 6 9 15

DK 6 - 5 9 6 9 13 33 14 5 7 6 13 11 5 15 20

Books and other information

Yes 82 85 80 68 73 74 69 77 76 88 88 82 68 65 88 64 62

No 8 15 8 14 8 16 17 6 14 6 5 7 18 16 8 17 14

DK 10 - 12 18 29 10 14 17 10 6 7 11 14 19 4 19 24

New plant varieties

Yes 63 71 55 49 60 60 85 59 64 56 49 52 61 83 65 66 47

No 22 29 24 19 16 21 8 12 22 26 33 19 23 10 26 17 31

DK 15 - 21 32 24 19 7 29 14 18 18 29 16 7 9 17 22

New animal breeds

Yes 48 59 45 41 49 54 82 54 58 50 39 45 59 78 61 56 42

No 33 41 29 26 22 25 10 16 24 32 37 24 28 12 29 26 28

DK 19 - 26 33 29 21 8 30 18 18 24 31 13 10 10 18 30

Genetic material extracted from plants and animals

Yes 31 51 38 35 37 50 73 52 56 33 32 30 51 78 52 55 40

No 41 49 34 30 27 25 12 13 28 41 39 39 27 11 36 21 29

DK 28 - 28 35 36 25 15 35 16 26 29 31 22 11 12 24 31

Genetic material extracted from humans

Yes 23 - 31 32 28 42 60 45 46 22 28 25 46 70 44 47 37

No 50 - 43 36 33 34 18 17 36 57 46 48 31 17 44 26 30

DK 27 - 26 32 39 24 22 38 18 21 26 27 23 13 12 27 33

A medical treatment or drug to cure AIDS

Yes 59 - 60 60 - 66 81 94 62 43 54 56 71 83 74 73 60

No 28 - 26 21 - 22 13 3 28 40 34 26 18 13 19 20 22

DK 13 - 14 19 - 12 6 3 10 17 12 18 11 4 7 7 18

Table 21: Trust in authorities

(Q29) Suppose that a number of groups made public statements about the benefits and risks of biotechnology products. Would you have a lot of trust, some trust, or no trust in statements made by...?

Public Students

Trust NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

Government agencies

A lot 5 8 8 25 33 5 24 7 7 4 25 28 20 34 37

Some 52 61 48 47 63 39 38 65 68 37 49 66 62 58 55

No 43 31 44 28 4 56 38 28 25 59 26 6 18 8 8

Consumer agencies

A lot 24 13 12 23 43 33 28 28 8 8 23 41 17 6 25

Some 58 61 65 57 54 44 42 58 54 60 51 55 68 63 58

No 18 26 23 20 3 23 30 14 38 32 26 4 15 31 17

Companies making biotechnology products

A lot 5 4 6 21 8 6 20 3 4 5 25 13 15 7 8

Some 44 52 43 47 70 31 28 49 53 38 54 75 57 66 57

No 51 44 51 32 22 63 52 48 43 57 21 12 28 27 35

Environmental groups

A lot 21 20 15 47 - 53 54 18 14 7 52 - 57 35 45

Some 68 64 60 44 - 37 36 73 73 52 37 - 42 60 50

No 11 16 25 9 - 10 10 9 13 41 11 - 1 5 5

University professors

A lot 25 30 12 38 42 35 42 50 54 10 47 29 46 30 47

Some 65 60 61 53 57 50 48 48 43 62 39 69 52 65 47

No 10 10 27 9 1 15 10 2 3 28 14 2 2 5 6

Medical doctors

A lot 33 30 12 48 60 55 46 55 58 10 55 55 68 42 48

Some 60 64 58 43 38 35 50 44 40 64 37 44 29 54 49

No 7 6 30 9 2 10 4 1 2 26 8 1 3 4 3

Farmers or farm groups

A lot 6 9 6 - 7 - 28 6 6 7 72 7 18 6 6

Some 69 69 50 - 67 - 50 70 70 50 15 76 71 54 43

No 25 22 44 - 26 - 22 24 24 43 13 17 11 40 51

Dietitians or nutritionists

A lot 24 21 6 - 25 - 40 28 21 5 68 25 42 20 20

Some 66 69 54 - 67 - 50 65 69 56 18 65 53 66 71

No 10 10 40 - 8 - 10 7 10 39 14 10 5 14 9

Table 22: Public and student acceptance of genetic engineering and cross species gene transfer

% Public Students

NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

Q9. Genes from most types of organisms are interchangeable. Would potatoes made more nutritious through biotechnology be acceptable or unacceptable to you if genes were added from another type of plant, such as corn? Why?

+ 56 56 39 56 82 45 50 86 75 51 58 78 65 79 76

- 27 23 25 21 4 24 24 9 9 18 18 7 17 8 11

? 17 21 36 23 14 31 26 5 16 31 24 15 18 13 13

Q10. Would such potatoes be acceptable or unacceptable to you if the new genes came from an animal? Why?

+ 19 23 11 29 48 16 22 49 42 16 27 48 17 25 25

- 60 54 40 42 19 42 52 32 24 37 39 19 58 48 48

? 21 23 49 29 33 42 26 19 34 47 33 33 25 27 27

Q11. Would chicken made less fatty through biotechnology be acceptable or unacceptable if genes were added to the chicken from another type of animal? Why?

+ 29 40 20 40 68 32 26 50 42 30 42 68 42 41 42

- 46 40 41 27 10 35 46 25 27 35 24 13 36 27 31

? 25 20 39 33 22 33 28 25 31 35 34 19 22 32 27

Q12. Would such chicken be acceptable or unacceptable if the genes came from a human? Why?

+ 10 16 6 16 29 10 14 20 20 11 18 30 7 14 19

- 78 66 53 52 44 66 64 65 53 52 41 44 81 65 70

? 12 18 41 32 27 24 22 15 27 37 41 26 12 21 11

+ = Acceptable - = Unacceptable ? = Don't know

Table 23: Reasoning about genetic engineering and cross species gene transfer (%'s)

Public Students

NZ A J In Th R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

Not stated

9 24 24 35 41 21 52 66 25 17 32 40 15 40 40 31

10 23 21 40 49 23 62 66 25 20 37 44 14 43 52 42

11 24 21 39 49 29 61 66 22 22 34 49 18 44 54 37

12 22 24 41 50 30 60 60 19 26 40 53 22 41 41 39

Unethical

9 0.6 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.6 0 0.6 0 0

10 12 12 3 6 1 2 4 14 26 2 9 2 8 6 3

11 13 11 6 8 0.6 2 2 23 25 6 10 2 7 11 9

12 6 7 9 6 5 6 4 14 17 6 5 5 7 8 12

Unnatural, Playing God, Cross species is bad

9 16 11 13 11 1 5 6 4 4 8 8 4 2 4 7

10 32 28 21 18 5 9 14 19 12 16 14 6 20 14 20

11 24 16 18 11 2 6 14 17 12 12 5 2 7 4 11

12 23 22 18 9 6 6 8 12 11 16 6 3 8 12 11

Product bad, Human's are special, Cannibalism

9 3 3 3 4 1 2 0 2 1 2 4 0 2 2 1

10 3 3 2 2 2 0 0 2 2 1 3 1 3 4 4

11 2 2 3 2 1 3 0 1 0 1 3 1 0 2 1

12 25 12 7 17 12 7 16 31 18 9 12 14 27 19 19

Fear of unknown, Feels risky, dangerous

9 3 6 8 2 2 5 6 2 1 6 2 2 4 1 5

10 10 9 13 3 6 5 6 2 0 15 4 7 10 6 11

11 7 6 10 2 4 3 4 2 2 8 2 4 7 3 8

12 13 10 20 4 10 8 6 4 3 16 7 10 11 7 10

Social effects, eugenics

9 0 0.5 0 0.2 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 0.4 0 0 0

11 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0

12 0.3 0 1 0.4 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 0

Harm to health, deformities

9 2 3 3 2 1 0.2 4 3 6 5 2 3 4 3 2

10 3 2 4 2 3 1 0 2 6 4 4 6 7 4 1

11 3 2 4 2 3 1 0 1 5 4 0.6 5 6 5 1

12 3 3 2 3 3 0 0 1 3 2 2 4 3 4 1

Environmental and Ecological effects

9 1 3 4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0 2 6 3 1 0 0 1 0

10 0.6 3 2 0.2 0.3 0 0 2 3 1 0.3 0 0 0 1

11 1 1 2 0.4 0.3 2 0 0 3 2 0.3 0 3 0 0

12 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0.3 0 0 0 0

Insufficient controls. misuse

9 2 0 5 0.6 0 1 0 3 0 4 0 0 0 0 0

10 3 2 5 0 0.3 1 0 2 0 4 0 0.4 0.6 0 0

11 4 2 6 0.2 0.3 2 0 3 1 9 0 0 0 0 0

12 5 2 7 0 0 1 0 7 3 5 0 0.4 0.6 0 1

Don't need

9 10 9 7 1 1 2 0 6 6 8 1 2 2 0 2

10 9 9 6 1 2 4 4 5 6 5 1 3 3 0 0

11 13 15 11 2 1 3 2 11 8 11 3 1 7 2 5

12 7 10 5 1 3 2 4 8 6 4 0.6 4 1 2 2

Conditional benefit, Don't Know

9 10 10 10 7 5 12 6 11 12 14 6 4 11 7 5

10 9 11 13 8 11 12 6 13 22 17 12 13 10 11 8

11 13 12 8 7 6 9 10 15 26 11 8 7 7 10 6

12 6 12 8 5 7 6 2 6 17 12 9 10 3 7 3

Medical Benefit

9 8 8 3 9 4 1 2 19 26 5 11 4 10 11 3

10 3 3 2 3 4 0 0 11 5 0.5 3 4 0.6 1 0

11 7 11 8 3 7 1.6 4 11 6 4 18 9 16 10 17

12 7 1 1.8 2 2 0 2 3 0 2 3 1 0.6 1 1

Agriculture, Food, Increase varieties

9 13 13 17 13 9 5 2 12 6 11 18 10 12 12 19

10 2 7 2 3 3 2 0 5 3 2 4 6 3 3 5

11 2 5 4 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 2 3 4 2 3

12 0 2 0.6 0 0.7 0.4 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 0.8 2

Humanity benefits, Better

9 17 14 12 11 19 6 4 19 20 11 14 28 16 10 28

10 4 4 2 5 9 1 2 13 7 4 4 15 3 3 5

11 5 8 5 3 11 3 0 10 5 7 5 20 3 2 3

12 2 2 1 0.6 3 0.4 0 2 2 1 1 6 3 2 5

Genes are the same; No Problem

9 14 11 4 10 31 5 12 24 16 5 7 20 8 24 11

10 6 9 1 8 21 3 4 12 15 2 7 18 3 7 5

11 7 13 1 6 24 3 2 13 11 2 5 25 5 5 9

12 4 2 2 7 14 9 0 7 7 2 6 16 7 1 5

Numbers

9 328 199 335 528 686 452 50 95 109 421 316 230 154 250 104

10 325 199 338 532 687 451 50 95 109 421 315 229 153 250 103

11 325 199 337 530 685 451 50 95 109 422 315 230 153 250 100

12 322 199 341 532 684 451 50 95 110 428 314 229 155 250 103

Table 24: Attitude sources %'s of total answering Q8 (up to 3 possible answers per questionnaire)

Q8. What things are the source of your feelings about Q6 and Q7? Please list all:

Public Students

% NZ A J In T R Is NZ A J In T P S HK

N 322 199 347 530 686 431 50 95 109 428 318 231 157 248 104

Media(inc.Radio) 8.1 13.6 11.5 5.3 20.4 3.7 0 10.5 28.4 26.6 2.8 23.4 5.7 2.0 12.5

Newspaper 5.3 3.5 52.4 7.7 22.3 47.3 2 3.2 6.4 40.4 7.9 17.3 3.8 6.5 12.5

TV 7.5 3.5 56.2 1.3 18.5 42.0 4 1.1 7.3 44.9 2.8 16.5 5.1 2.0 14.4

Magazines 5.3 6.5 31.1 10.0 31.6 25.8 8 8.4 12.8 27.3 12.3 26.4 12.1 5.2 13.5

Books 7.8 10.1 15.8 9.1 32.8 29.5 6 11.6 11.9 21.7 9.1 33.8 7.6 2.4 17.3

Friends 5.6 8.0 7.8 3.4 6.1 2.8 2 13.7 11.0 14.5 5.3 10.0 3.8 0.4 2.9

Personal experience 9.3 17.1 5.2 11.7 28.1 7.2 8 17.9 5.5 0.9 11.0 38.1 15.9 2.4 24.0

Common sense 4.3 4.0 1.2 1.7 4.1 0.2 2 6.3 0.9 1.2 1.3 9.1 0 4.8 3.8

Religion 5.3 4.5 0.6 0.9 0.2 0 6 10.5 5.5 0 1.6 0 14.6 2.0 5.8

History 5.3 5.5 0.3 3.8 0.2 0 2 4.2 4.6 0 2.5 0.4 1.9 1.2 3.8

Pollution 18.0 13.6 0.9 4.3 2.5 0 0 21.1 21.1 9.3 5.3 0.4 10.2 6.9 6.7

Misuse possible 16.5 14.6 0.6 2.8 0.7 0 10 12.6 6.4 0 3.8 0 5.7 7.3 6.7

Against nature 9.0 6.5 0 1.3 0 0.2 2 5.3 5.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.4 1.0

Fear of unknown 7.5 8.5 0 2.8 0.6 0 4 1.1 5.5 0.2 3.5 0 10.2 9.3 2.9

Hope in science 6.5 9.5 0.6 8.3 1.2 0 4 9.5 12.8 0 6.3 0 7.0 4.4 9.6

Social affect bad 6.2 2.0 0.3 2.8 0 0.2 6 4.2 5.5 0 3.8 0 6.4 5.6 2.9

Other 6.5 7.5 10.4 15.1 4.8 0.2 0 18.9 20.2 23.8 10.7 1.3 2.5 12.1 3.8

Don'tunderstand 4.0 2.0 0 0 0.2 0 0 2.2 2.8 0 0 0 0 0.4 0

Not stated 23.0 25.6 16.1 43.0 7.4 19.0 60 17.9 20.2 12.9 43.1 7.4 36.9 47.2 27.9

"Personal experience" included education.

"Media" was used when TV, radio, newspapers etc, were given, as well as other categories, so as to include other ideas.

Table 25: Environmental attitudes

Q2. During the past 12 months have you...? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Don't know

Public Students

a NZ A J In T R Is NZs As Js Ins T Ps Ss HK

a. Bought foods labeled as "pesticide free"

Yes 44 45 57 8 47 - 38 32 30 45 7 40 29 14 18

No 19 18 24 58 28 - 32 16 9 32 59 23 17 29 25

DK 37 37 19 34 25 - 30 52 61 23 34 37 54 57 57

b. Stopped buying a product because it caused environmental problems

Yes 63 70 51 32 77 8 50 65 57 38 31 69 60 51 32

No 28 23 29 49 15 65 36 30 36 46 51 17 33 34 58

DK 9 7 20 19 8 27 14 5 7 16 18 14 7 15 10

c. Contributed money or time to an environmental cause

Yes 60 54 39 52 75 14 32 58 57 18 42 56 68 34 44

No 36 44 56 40 21 82 62 35 40 75 49 35 31 50 38

DK 4 2 7 8 4 4 6 7 3 7 9 9 1 16 18

d. Changed your life style in significant ways to protect the environment

Yes 48 61 28 50 79 12 30 39 42 12 44 79 77 40 44

No 47 35 58 38 16 78 58 51 54 71 42 16 18 43 48

DK 5 4 14 12 5 10 12 10 4 17 14 5 5 17 8

e. Stopped eating a certain food because of concerns over its safety

Yes 55 52 66 50 85 53 58 44 41 57 49 83 80 56 50

No 39 44 30 39 11 38 38 49 50 36 35 14 13 25 38

DK 6 4 4 11 4 9 4 7 9 7 16 3 7 19 12

f. Sorted out certain types of household waste (glass, papers, ...) for recycling

Yes 82 85 90 51 58 - 32 79 76 87 45 52 50 40 51

No 17 15 8 44 39 - 60 19 23 9 50 41 46 52 46

DK 1 0 2 5 3 - 8 2 1 4 5 7 4 8 3

g. Saved energy, for example, by using less hot water, by closing doors and windows in winter to save heat

Yes 94 94 78 77 97 67 60 96 83 60 61 95 89 49 67

No 5 5 18 18 3 28 36 3 13 32 32 5 9 37 26

DK 1 1 4 5 0.3 5 4 1 4 8 7 0 2 14 7

Abbreviations: NZ=New Zealand; A=Australia;J=Japan; P=Philippines; S=Singapore; HK=Hong Kong;

R=Russia; s= student, otherwise public samples. The results to question f and g for the UK, France,

Germany from Eurobarometer 37.0; 1992; are (f: UK=75, F=84, Ger=93; g: UK=86, F=82, Ger=86; Yes).

Table 26: Images of Nature

Q15. Will you please express freely, in sentences and/or pictures, the images which come to mind when you hear the word "nature", and/or any ideas you have on "nature".

% Public Students

NZ A J India Thai R Isr NZ A J India Thai P S HK

N 322 198 347 535 685 440 50 95 110 431 318 232 158 250 104

Not stated 12.7 13.1 13.8 23.0 10.1 29.7 46 5.3 9.1 16.2 24.5 9.5 14.6 12.0 12.5

Beauty 4.0 3.0 8.1 10.1 1.2 2.7 4 6.3 5.5 2.1 9.7 2.2 1.9 7.2 1.9

Scenery 13.4 11.6 21.1 8.8 14.7 23.4 4 15.8 4.5 30.1 9.1 14.2 21.5 18.0 5.8

Harmony/
Everything
24.8 31.8 15.6 19.1 33.4 6.4 16 38.9 33.6 9.1 19.8 28.4 15.8 13.2 32.7

Ecology problem 9.3 9.1 13.2 9.2 10.4 2.7 6 5.3 12.7 3.2 6.6 12.9 11.4 6.8 4.8

Picture 6.2 8.6 6.6 12.7 31.3 31.1 4 13.7 21.8 20.2 18.2 41.8 31.6 26.4 35.6

Encounter 7.1 11.1 8.6 5.8 6.9 0.5 8 6.3 6.4 3.1 6.9 9.1 5.1 2.4 11.5

God 6.8 7.1 2.9 17.8 8.5 3.0 10 11.6 3.6 2.1 17.0 3.0 13.9 7.6 4.8

Left untouched 37.6 35.4 23.7 15.0 11.7 3.9 14 45.3 43.6 14.7 15.4 9.9 11.4 24.0 21.2

Flow/energy 5.6 2.0 4.3 1.3 1.3 0.9 0 0 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.9 0 1.2 0

Forests 9.9 8.6 7.5 8.0 6.0 3.2 8 16.8 18.2 18.4 8.1 7.8 15.2 17.2 9.6

Peace 1.9 2.5 1.9 2.4 0.3 0.7 0 6.3 3.6 4.2 2.8 0 3.2 1.6 2.9

Body/health 1.2 2.0 0 0 0 0.5 0 0 0.9 0.2 0 0 0 0 0

Resource 2.5 3.0 6.0 7.5 2.6 0.3 4 2.1 1.8 0.7 5.3 0.9 2.5 2.4 4.8

Refreshing 3.1 2.0 3.4 0.9 0 0.5 2 3.2 3.6 0.5 0.3 0 2.5 2.0 0

Frightening 1.9 2.5 3.8 0.7 0 0.3 6 1.1 0.9 1.4 0.9 0 1.3 0.4 0

Living things 9.0 9.6 5.2 5.4 4.7 2.7 0 6.3 13.6 6.0 2.5 6.0 5.7 11.2 2.9

No humans 1.2 0 0.6 1.3 6.9 1.6 2 6.3 0 1.2 1.3 6.5 2.5 4.0 6.7

Other 7.5 4.5 11.0 6.4 4.8 1.8 8 4.2 3.6 10.4 5.7 6.5 4.4 5.6 4.8

Table 27: Life is?

Q32. Will you please express freely, in sentences and/or pictures, the images which come to mind when you hear the word "life", and/or any ideas you have on "life".

% Public Students

Life NZ A J In T R Isr NZs As Js In T P S HK

N 324 199 352 538 685 426 50 96 110 422 316 232 159 250 104

Not stated 22.8 16.1 20.2 26.6 16.2 38.3 50 15.6 20.0 25.4 25.6 11.6 28.3 18.0 21.2

To be saved 15.1 9.0 32.1 8.4 6.7 1.6 4 15.6 10.0 17.3 7.3 6.0 12.6 10.4 15.4

Enjoy 14.2 15.6 3.4 8.9 15.3 4.7 12 8.3 11.8 2.6 15.2 14.2 7.5 7.2 5.8

Action 9.8 11.0 2.3 11.7 3.8 9.9 4 25.0 10.0 3.1 11.1 3.9 1.9 5.2 6.7

Health 13.0 15.0 7.7 5.0 3.9 2.1 6 10.4 6.4 1.7 1.3 3.4 2.5 3.2 6.7

LIfe & Death 12.7 20.1 26.7 14.7 22.6 4.2 12 7.3 14.5 17.1 12.0 26.3 6.9 15.2 11.5

Family/friends 3.7 6.0 1.4 2.2 12.8 3.8 4 1.0 2.7 0.5 0.9 9.9 4.4 3.2 1.9

Encounter 9.9 8.5 5.1 7.8 7.9 1.2 12 17.7 18.2 0.7 21.8 8.2 9.4 12.8 8.7

God 9.6 7.0 11.1 15.2 4.5 5.6 2 12.5 8.1 11.4 10.8 4.3 23.3 8.4 10.6

Baby 7.7 8.0 10.5 0.9 5.0 8.9 8 10.4 12.7 8.1 2.2 5.2 8.2 12.0 3.8

Living things 11.4 20.6 9.4 6.5 4.7 1.6 10 16.7 17.3 8.8 3.8 5.2 6.3 10.0 12.5

harmony/everything 5.6 4.5 3.4 5.0 4.7 4.9 0 3.1 6.4 0.5 4.4 3.0 4.4 1.6 3.8

Natural 4.0 4.0 5.4 1.5 5.0 4.7 0 0 2.7 2.4 1.3 3.9 0.6 3.2 1.9

Ecology 1.5 4.5 1.7 1.3 0.2 2.1 2 0 3.6 0.2 0.6 1.3 1.9 0 0

Beauty 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.3 2.1 2 2.1 0.9 0.9 1.6 0.9 1.3 2.0 1.0

Scenery 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.2 2.3 0 0 0 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.4 0

Picture 4.0 3.5 5.7 6.9 21.2 22.3 4 9.4 10.0 12.3 8.9 24.1 20.1 14.4 20.2

Scientific definition 3.4 6.5 2.3 2.4 3.5 1.4 0 6.3 3.6 5.0 1.9 5.6 0.6 1.6 3.8

Other 5.2 5.5 11.7 12.8 6.4 1.2 8 8.3 3.6 21.8 13.9 5.2 5.7 12.0 10.6

Baby includes baby seeds, but was usually baby humans.

187-205: Data Tables Index

187-205: Statistical Results Data Tables 1-10

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%		Public												Students
		US86		US92		J91	NZ	A	J	Ind	T	R	Isr	NZ	A	J	Ind	T	P	S	HK
Q26. If tests showed that you were likely to get a serious or fatal genetic disease later in life, how willing would you be to undergo therapy to have those genes corrected before symptoms appear? Why?
++		35		30		25	47	50	42	61	35	23	54	52	43	44	60	34	43	49	40
+		43		49		29	25	27	24	16	20	24	16	34	44	30	14	30	35	34	38
-		12		9		18	9	6	15	5	11	6	4	3	2	11	2	11	11	6	6
--		9		9		12	4	4	6	4	24	13	0	3	2	5	4	16	3	2	3
DK		2		2		16	15	13	13	14	10	34	26	7	6	10	20	9	8	9	13
N							318	195	335	529	684	414	50	96	110	421	310	230	151	249	104
Not stated							16	14	32	37	23	60	58	15	17	29	38	15	38	38	35
Don't know							2.5	0.5	2.7	1.1	3.1	7.0	0	0	0	3.3	1.9	2.2	1.3	0.4	0
Saves life							34	43	26	41	19	13	24	52	38	38	41	21	39	39	43
Saves family							4.4	5.6	3.3	4.7	2.6	0	2	2.1	0	0.2	3.2	31	1.3	2.0	1.9
Improve quality of life							15	13	9.6	3.4	5.6	1.2	4	7.3	15	4.5	5.2	16	5.9	3.6	1.0
Depends on situation							19	25	9.0	4.3	12	4.8	12	28	38	11	3.9	9.5	3.3	6.4	11
Improve genes							1.9	0.5	5.4	5.5	8.6	0.2	0	2.1	0.9	1.9	6.1	6.0	2.6	2.8	3.8
Other benefit							7.0	4.1	11	1.1	2.9	2.7	0	2.1	1.8	2.9	3.2	0.9	0	0.8	2.9
Economic comment							1.9	1.0	0	1.3	1.3	1.4	0	0	1.8	0	1.3	0.9	0.7	1.6	0
Eugenics/Misuse							0.9	0	1.8	0.4	0.9	0.5	0	0	0	1.7	0	0	0	0	0
Playing God/unnatural							5.3	7.2	5.1	4.5	15	0	2	9.3	5.5	5.2	1.6	20	2.0	5.2	6.7
Against ethics							0.6	0	0.3	0	0.3	0.5	0	0	0.9	1.0	0	0	0	0	0
Health risk							8.0	10	5.7	2.8	3.4	5.1	8	3.1	3.6	10	4.2	0	12	6.4	11
Other harm							3.1	2.1	3.6	1.5	0.2	3.4	2	0	0	2.4	0.3	0	1.3	1.2	1.9
Q27. If you had a child with a usually fatal genetic disease, how willing would you be to have the child undergo therapy to have those genes corrected? Why?
++	51		52		37		60	57	53	73	67	35	62	58	49	51	70	79	57	67	59
+	35		36		29		22	25	21	10	16	24	18	26	39	25	9	13	24	24	26
-	7		5		11		3	2	10	3	2	5	2	5	4	7	3	1	7	3	4
--	4		4		7		2	2	1	3	5	6	0	1	1	2	4	2	3	0	3
DK	3		3		16		13	14	15	11	10	30	18	10	7	15	14	5	9	6	8
N							317	196	335	527	675	436	50	96	110	417	309	230	150	173	104
Not stated							16	13	29	41	23	62	62	16	16	32	39	15	39	60	35
Don't know							1.0	0.5	2.1	1.3	3.9	4.8	0	0	0	2.6	1.3	2.2	1.3	0.4	0
Saves life							42	44	36	42	24	17	22	49	47	40	43	21	37	27	43
Saves family							1.6	2.6	2.7	2.1	8.4	0	2	3.1	0.9	0	0.6	31	0	1.2	0
Improve quality of life							23	19	13	8.3	17	0.9	6	13	16	5.0	9.1	16	11	7.6	2.9
Depends on situation							20	31	13	2.3	33	5.5	10	27	33	16	2.9	0.9	4.0	2.0	14
Improve genes							0.3	0	2.7	5.7	9.9	0.5	0	0	0.9	1.2	4.9	7.4	0.7	0.4	0
Other benefit							6.0	2.0	6.6	1.3	2.5	2.5	0	1.0	1.8	1.2	1.9	0.9	1.3	0.4	1.0
Economic comment							0.9	1.0	0	1.1	0.9	1.4	0	0	0.9	0	0.7	0	0	0	0
Eugenics/Misuse							0.6	0	1.2	0.4	0.3	0	2	0	0	1.2	0	1.3	0	0	0
Playing God/unnatural							2.2	4.6	2.1	2.3	2.2	0	0	1.0	2.7	2.4	0.3	0.9	1.3	0.8	1.9
Against ethics							0.3	0	0.3	0.2	0	0	0	0	0.9	0.7	0	0.4	0	0	0
Health risk							4.4	7.7	5.7	2.1	3.6	4.4	6	6.3	2.7	8.9	4.5	0.9	9.9	4.8	8.7
Other harm							0.6	0.5	2.4	1.1	0.3	1.6	2	1.0	0	1.2	1.0	1.7	0.7	0.4	2.9

	US86	US92	J91	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
Yes	69	64	57	66	73	61	64	77	80	84	63	69	66	68	82	53	83	77
No	27	32	17	18	15	16	21	13	8	16	24	15	10	16	7	32	6	10
DK	4	4	26	16	12	23	15	10	12	0	13	16	24	16	11	15	11	13
Personal Use				NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
Number				319	196	330	532	681	442	50	95	110	423	308	230	156	248	104
Not stated				25.4	28.6	45.3	42.1	32.0	41.2	68	24.2	25.5	42.8	41.9	23.0	46.8	43.2	40.4
Don't know				0.6	0.5	1.8	0.6	1.9	2.0	0	0	0	4.3	1.0	1.3	1.3	0	0
Save life				11.0	13.3	18.7	11.5	10.7	12.2	2	11.6	10.9	13.0	8.8	10.4	14.7	11.3	15.4
Parent's life				22.3	32.1	17.2	28.6	7.8	1.8	22	25.3	40.9	22.2	30.8	7.8	14.1	28.2	21.2
To know				16.3	13.3	8.8	3.0	21.3	1.8	2	14.7	15.5	3.3	4.9	21.7	7.7	16.1	14.4
Improve quality of life				6.9	3.5	3.6	2.2	6.5	2.7	0	2.1	8.2	0.9	3.6	6.5	0	2.4	0
Depends on case				13.5	14.3	4.5	8.8	2.1	0.9	6	14.7	9.1	6.4	3.6	2.2	7.7	1.6	9.6
Improve genes				2.8	6.1	0.3	8.3	2.1	7.5	2	2.1	0	0	8.4	3.5	0	2.0	10.6
Other benefit				4.1	2.0	6.9	1.3	0.6	5.0	2	0	0.9	4.5	0.3	0.4	1.9	4.4	1.0
Health care is a right				0	0	1.8	0.2	3.4	3.2	2	0	0	4.5	0.3	12.6	0	0	0
Economy				2.2	2.6	0	0.4	1.3	0	0	2.1	0.9	0	1.0	0	0	1.2	0
Fetus right to life				7.5	4.1	0.9	0.8	1.0	0	2	17.9	7.3	1.9	1.6	1.7	5.1	3.6	1.0
Eugenics/Misuse				0.3	0.5	0.3	0.2	0.7	0.2	0	1.1	0	0.4	0.7	0	0	0.4	0
Play God/unnatural				4.7	5.1	2.1	4.7	0.4	0.5	2	5.3	6.4	0.7	1.6	1.7	8.3	0.4	1.0
Ethics				0.6	0	1.2	0.2	0.3	0.5	0	1.1	0.9	0	0.3	0.4	0	0	0
Health risk				0.6	1.5	0.9	0.8	0.7	1.1	0	1.1	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.3	4.5	0	2.9
Other harm				2.5	2.0	2.7	2.6	1.0	1.6	2	1.1	3.6	1.7	2.6	0.4	3.2	0.4	0

Muscular Dystrophy	Public						Students
% of respondents	NZ	A	J	In	T	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
N	329	201	352	419	684	50	96	110	435	184	232	161	235	104
Not stated	7.4	6.6	30.0	35.8	16.2	42	7.4	18.4	26.9	28.8	10.3	29.9	34.9	23.1
Don't know	1.9	6.6	6.3	8.8	5.0	0	6.3	11.1	8.0	11.4	3.9	1.3	3.0	7.7
Sad or Compassion	51.2	43.9	23.8	29.1	51.0	28	46.3	33.0	31.4	30.1	61.2	31.9	40.0	24.1
Want to help	7.1	5.6	6.3	3.8	12.6	2	4.2	2.8	12.6	10.3	8.7	7.6	2.6	5.8
Happy for therapy	3.7	5.6	15.9	7.6	4.2	10	1.1	0.9	8.2	5.4	3.0	2.6	1.3	2.9
People are same	15.7	16.8	5.2	4.1	2.2	8	23.2	19.3	7.3	6.0	4.3	16.6	11.5	8.7
Unlucky	1.9	4.1	0.9	1.7	0.7	0	1.1	4.6	0.2	1.1	0.4	1.9	0	7.7
Admire	2.5	1.5	0.6	0	0.3	0	2.1	2.8	1.9	0.5	0.4	2.6	0	0
Helpless	2.2	1.0	1.4	2.9	1.3	8	3.2	1.8	2.3	4.4	3.0	4.5	3.0	13.5
Other	2.8	5.6	1.4	4.8	1.9	2	0	1.8	0.5	4.4	1.3	0.6	0.9	4.8
Rejection	1.5	1.0	0.3	0	0.2	0	1.1	1.8	0.5	0.5	0.9	0.6	0	0
Can't understand	0.3	0	0	0.5	0.2	0	1.1	0	0	0	0	0	0.4	1.9
Own fault/depends	0	0	0.6	0	0.3	0	1.1	0	0	0.5	0	0	0.9	0
Afraid & Risk	1.2	1.0	0	0.7	2.5	0	2.1	1.8	0	0.5	1.7	0	0.4	0

Hemophilia	Public							Students
% of respondents	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
N	329	201	352	419	684	446	50	96	110	435	183	232	161	235	104
Not stated	8.3	7.7	28.6	34.6	14.6	23.5	42	6.3	14.6	27.9	26.8	10.3	28.7	30.2	21.1
Don't know	3.1	5.1	6.9	7.4	4.5	3.7	2	4.2	6.4	7.7	7.1	2.6	1.3	3.0	3.9
Sad-Compassion	49.4	42.6	23.1	27.2	50.6	80.8	26	44.2	25.3	34.2	30.1	60.8	33.8	38.7	26.9
Want to help	6.8	5.1	5.8	3.3	13.0	1.1	2	6.3	3.6	10.1	8.7	10.0	7.0	3.4	6.7
Happy for therapy	4.0	6.2	14.2	7.6	3.1	1.1	10	2.1	1.8	6.3	6.6	2.6	4.5	1.3	1.9
People are same	21.3	20.5	6.9	4.1	2.6	3.1	16	31.6	37.3	9.8	7.7	5.2	16.6	14.5	9.6
Unlucky	1.5	4.1	0.6	1.7	0.6	1.1	0	1.1	3.6	0.2	2.7	0.9	1.3	0	8.7
Admire	0.6	0.5	0.6	0	0.2	0	0	1.1	0.9	0.9	0	0.4	0.6	0	0
Helpless	1.9	0.5	1.7	2.9	0.4	0.6	0	0	1.8	1.6	2.7	0.9	0	3.8	9.6
Other	2.5	5.1	0.9	6.7	2.3	4.2	0	2.1	1.8	0.2	4.4	1.3	0.6	1.3	3.9
Rejection	0.3	1.0	0.3	0	0.4	1.7	0	0	0	0	0.6	0.9	0	0	0
Can't understand	0	0	0	0.2	0.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.4	0
Own fault/depends	0	0	0.6	0	0.4	0	0	0	0	0.7	0.6	0.4	0	0.9	0
Afraid & Risk*	0.3	1.0	0	3.8	5.3	0.9	2	1.1	0.9	0.2	2.2	3.5	5.7	2.1	7.7

AIDS	Public							Students
% of respondents	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
N	329	201	352	535	682	446	50	96	110	435	314	230	161	235	104
Not stated	6.3	5.6	22.8	18.7	7.6	24.0	40	5.2	3.6	22.4	15.6	4.4	18.5	11.1	9.6
Don't know	2.8	0.5	3.5	1.3	2.6	6.0	2	0	3.6	3.1	3.2	1.7	0.6	1.7	0
Sad-Compassion	34.1	30.8	22.4	19.8	36.1	58.5	20	27.1	19.1	17.9	25.2	31.3	31.2	24.3	15.4
Want to help	4.1	5.1	6.3	5.6	16.6	1.7	0	2.1	3.6	9.9	8.3	17.4	12.7	3.4	3.9
Happy for therapy	1.3	1.5	7.5	6.5	1.5	0.6	6	0	0.9	3.3	5.7	1.3	3.2	2.1	0
People are same	8.8	9.1	11.2	3.6	9.3	4.3	4	19.8	8.2	20.3	5.4	13.5	10.2	8.1	5.8
Unlucky	2.5	5.6	1.7	2.4	1.5	1.4	0	3.1	0.9	0.2	1.9	3.5	1.9	2.1	1.0
Admire	0.6	0	0.3	0	1.0	0	0	0	0.9	0.2	0	1.3	0.6	0	0
Helpless	1.6	2.5	1.7	5.0	0.7	0.9	4	4.2	4.6	1.7	4.8	0.4	3.2	2.6	6.7
Other	0.6	0.5	2.0	3.4	1.3	10.2	0	0	1.8	0.7	2.6	0.4	0	0	1.0
Rejection	3.8	2.0	1.7	8.6	3.8	4.6	8	2.1	3.6	2.1	3.5	3.0	2.6	5.1	8.9
Can't understand	0.3	0	0.9	0.9	1.0	0	0	0	0	0	0.6	0	0	0.9	0
Own fault/depends	18.8	25.2	13.6	13.8	11.0	4.3	8	12.5	15.5	15.1	14.3	17.4	10.8	38.7	23.1
Afraid & Risk	14.1	11.6	4.3	9.9	5.0	6.5	8	22.9	33.6	3.2	8.9	3.9	3.8	6.0	25.0

Schizophrenia	Public							Students
% of respondents	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
N	329	201	352	419	685	446	50	96	110	435	183	230	161	235	104
Not stated	11.0	11.2	32.1	29.8	19.9	18.8	44	10.4	21.8	35.1	38.8	13.9	32.3	26.8	33.7
Don't know	7.2	7.6	7.4	8.6	3.7	5.3	4	5.2	14.6	10.1	13.7	1.7	3.2	11.1	16.4
Sad-Compassion	32.4	32.0	15.6	21.7	31.3	57.7	18	25.0	22.7	10.4	17.5	34.3	23.9	37.4	6.7
Want to help	12.0	7.1	5.9	17.2	17.5	2.1	8	9.4	5.5	8.3	15.3	13.9	13.6	3.0	9.6
Happy for therapy	6.3	7.1	14.1	10.6	5.7	1.1	6	5.2	3.6	8.3	5.5	5.2	9.0	2.6	0
People are same	8.5	9.6	5.0	1.4	2.8	4.0	2	11.5	5.5	6.8	1.1	3.5	5.2	10.6	9.6
Unlucky	1.3	2.0	2.1	1.0	1.6	2.4	0	3.1	0	0.2	0.6	0.4	1.3	0	1.0
Admire	0	0	0	0	0.3	0.5	0	0	0	0	0	0.4	0	0	0
Helpless	2.2	2.5	1.8	1.9	0.2	0.8	0	0	0.9	0.7	2.7	1.3	0	2.6	2.9
Other	0.9	1.0	1.8	2.9	0.6	6.9	0	1.0	0	1.7	2.2	0	0.7	0.4	0
Rejection	1.9	2.0	2.4	1.0	3.5	5.6	4	1.0	0.9	3.8	0.6	8.3	2.6	5.1	1.9
Can't understand	4.7	3.1	0.9	1.4	0.9	0.3	2	8.3	1.8	2.8	1.1	0.4	0.7	1.7	1.9
Own fault/depends	2.2	3.1	3.2	0	1.3	0.5	0	3.1	1.8	2.1	0	3.0	1.3	0	1.9
Afraid & Risk	9.1	11.7	8.0	1.4	9.0	10.9	12	16.7	20.9	9.2	1.1	11.7	6.5	4.7	14.4

Mental Depression	Public						Students
% of respondents	NZ	A	J	In	T	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
N	329	201	352	418	683	50	96	110	435	183	229	161	235	104
Not stated	9.7	9.6	30.2	26.3	19.8	40	10.4	20	34.7	28.4	14.4	31.6	23.4	30.8
Don't know	2.5	7.6	5.6	4.1	4.7	2	5.2	10	9.9	7.7	2.6	1.3	4.3	8.7
Sad-Compassion	36.1	32.5	19.1	24.2	30.8	26	31.2	28.0	10.4	21.9	29.3	29.7	43.8	16.3
Want to help	14.1	12.7	7.9	22.2	24.3	10	10.4	10.0	10.1	26.2	21.0	16.8	6.8	12.5
Happy for therapy	8.5	8.1	16.1	11.2	3.8	8	7.3	6.4	10.6	8.2	3.5	6.5	3.8	0
People are same	10.0	10.2	4.4	1.7	3.7	4	14.6	9.1	8.5	1.1	6.6	7.7	10.2	11.5
Unlucky	2.2	1.5	2.9	1.9	1.8	2	2.1	0	1.2	1.1	0.9	0.7	0	1.0
Admire	0	0	0	0	0.6	0	0	0	0	0	0.9	0	0	0
Helpless	2.2	2.0	0.9	1.4	0	0	1.0	2.7	0.2	0.6	0.9	0	3.0	3.9
Other	0.9	1.5	1.8	3.1	0.6	0	1.0	0.9	0.2	2.2	0	0.7	1.3	1.0
Rejection	1.6	2.5	2.4	0.5	3.1	6	1.0	1.8	3.8	0	5.2	1.3	3.0	3.9
Can't understand	4.7	1.5	0.6	1.0	2.8	0	2.1	0	2.1	0	6.1	0	0.9	1.9
Own fault/depends	3.8	6.1	5.6	0	1.3	0	8.3	3.6	4.5	0	2.2	1.9	0.9	1.9
Afraid & Risk	2.2	4.1	2.6	1.4	1.6	2	5.2	5.5	2.1	2.7	4.9	1.9	4.7	2.8

Neurosis	Public						Students
% of respondents	NZ	A	J	In	T	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
N	329	201	352	418	683	50	96	110	435	182	229	161	235	104
Not stated	13.5	13.8	31.5	30.4	20.4	44	11.5	25.5	34.8	36.8	14.9	32.9	26.0	35.6
Don't know	8.2	10.7	4.7	6.7	4.0	2	12.5	23.6	8.6	11.0	1.8	3.2	8.9	17.3
Sad or Compassion	31.8	31.1	18.5	22.7	28.0	12	28.1	23.6	12.0	22.0	27.9	26.5	40.9	10.5
Want to help	12.0	7.1	6.2	14.8	19.2	6	8.3	5.5	11.2	17.0	17.0	13.6	3.8	10.5
Happy for therapy	7.6	5.6	16.5	12.4	4.1	6	6.3	3.6	10.7	5.5	3.1	7.7	2.6	1.0
People are same	7.6	9.2	4.4	1.4	3.8	2	10.4	5.5	8.1	1.1	3.9	6.5	9.8	6.7
Unlucky	1.3	3.1	3.2	1.7	1.6	6	4.2	0	1.7	0.6	0.9	1.3	0.4	1.0
Admire	0	0	0	0	0.4	0	0	0	0	0	0.9	0	0	0
Helpless	1.6	2.0	1.2	1.4	0.4	0	0	0.9	0.5	0.6	0.4	0	4.3	1.9
Other	0.6	1.5	2.4	3.3	0.7	0	1.0	0	0.7	2.8	0	1.3	0.9	0
Rejection	1.9	2.0	2.7	1.2	4.8	4	2.1	0.9	3.8	0.6	8.3	2.6	3.0	4.8
Can't understand	3.1	2.0	0	1.2	4.5	0	3.1	0	1.0	0.6	4.8	0.7	1.3	1.9
Own fault/depends	6.3	6.6	5.6	0.2	2.5	0	3.1	2.7	5.5	0	3.5	1.3	0	0
Afraid & Risk	4.4	5.1	3.2	3.8	4.2	3	9.4	8.2	2.2	1.7	10.0	2.6	3.0	8.7

	Public							Students
	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
% who knew	47	44	68	39	57	75	58	43	50	73	36	42	38	16	43
N who knew	162	104	106	159	386	106	29	52	54	112	65	96	59	40	45
Not stated	17	5	13	15	37	18	6	1	0	18	6	15	6	3	2
Diabetes	14	6	8	31	104	9	2	5	3	2	11	23	5	4	1
Hemophilia	19	10	11	21	23	12	2	11	6	12	10	7	3	2	4
Muscular dystrophy	20	16	10	6	6	1	2	4	5	15	3	1	2	1	3
Depression	3	0	1	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Schizophrenia	2	1	2	1	0	11	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
Neurosis	0	0	0	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	1	0	0
Alcoholism	1	0	0	0	0	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mental handicap	1	4	8	16	29	0	0	1	0	1	4	6	2	1	1
Huntington's	6	3	0	0	0	0	0	4	2	1	0	0	0	0	0
Asthma	6	1	1	3	11	1	1	1	1	0	1	4	0	1	1
Spina bifida	9	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	2	1	0
Cystic fibrosis	13	11	0	0	0	0	1	10	8	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heart disease	6	3	6	1	6	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	2	3	3
Down's	38	24	8	19	28	11	9	14	28	30	8	5	32	10	10
Dwarfism	1	0	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0
Physical deformity	5	7	5	4	7	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0
Parkinson's	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0
Epilepsy	1	0	7	2	6	8	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
Alzheimer's	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colour blindness	0	1	30	7	17	-	0	3	3	32	5	14	1	0	7
PKU	5	0	0	0	0	-	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
Deaf/blind	2	2	1	3	2	-	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
Thalassemia	-	-	-	0	43	-	0	-	-	-	0	2	0	5	8
Cancer	-	-	-	2	19	-	1	-	-	-	1	2	1	1	-
Albino	-	-	-	5	4	-	0	-	-	2	1	3	0	1	0
Sickle cell anemia	0	0	0	3	4	-	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
Others	34	29	22	44	78	25	13	14	9	20	19	25	17	12	14
Personal	8	4	1	0	2	0*	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
Several	4	3	4	5	15	4	5	0	0	6	0	0	2	1	0

	Public										Students
	NZ	NZ90	A	J	J91	In	T	R	Isrl	US86	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
1	1	5	0	1	2	3	0.5	2	2	18	0	0	0	2	0.4	1	0	0
2	6	17	3	17	24	7	2	31	10	11	1	3	11	3	2	1	6	9
3	52	47	46	43	45	43	40	57	56	48	34	35	47	37	50	33	53	54
4	27	21	34	27	15	27	50	10	20	23	43	47	27	34	41	49	33	33
5	14	10	17	12	14	20	7	-	12	-	22	15	15	24	7	16	8	4

	Public PMO New Scientist											Students
	NZ	A	J	J90	In	T	R	Isrl.	A89	UK89	China	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
Harm	5	4	5	7	7	3	5	10	10	9	2	3	4	6	6	4	5	9	6
Good	57	66	42	53	53	54	40	66	56	44	82	58	56	36	43	32	58	37	53
Same	34	27	45	31	36	42	49	22	26	37	12	36	35	52	47	64	35	50	39
DK	5	3	8	10	4	1	6	2	2	10	5	3	5	6	4	0	2	4	2

	Public							Students
Trust	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
Government agencies
A lot	5	8	8	25	33	5	24	7	7	4	25	28	20	34	37
Some	52	61	48	47	63	39	38	65	68	37	49	66	62	58	55
No	43	31	44	28	4	56	38	28	25	59	26	6	18	8	8
Consumer agencies
A lot	24	13	12	23	43	33	28	28	8	8	23	41	17	6	25
Some	58	61	65	57	54	44	42	58	54	60	51	55	68	63	58
No	18	26	23	20	3	23	30	14	38	32	26	4	15	31	17
Companies making biotechnology products
A lot	5	4	6	21	8	6	20	3	4	5	25	13	15	7	8
Some	44	52	43	47	70	31	28	49	53	38	54	75	57	66	57
No	51	44	51	32	22	63	52	48	43	57	21	12	28	27	35
Environmental groups
A lot	21	20	15	47	-	53	54	18	14	7	52	-	57	35	45
Some	68	64	60	44	-	37	36	73	73	52	37	-	42	60	50
No	11	16	25	9	-	10	10	9	13	41	11	-	1	5	5
University professors
A lot	25	30	12	38	42	35	42	50	54	10	47	29	46	30	47
Some	65	60	61	53	57	50	48	48	43	62	39	69	52	65	47
No	10	10	27	9	1	15	10	2	3	28	14	2	2	5	6
Medical doctors
A lot	33	30	12	48	60	55	46	55	58	10	55	55	68	42	48
Some	60	64	58	43	38	35	50	44	40	64	37	44	29	54	49
No	7	6	30	9	2	10	4	1	2	26	8	1	3	4	3
Farmers or farm groups
A lot	6	9	6	-	7	-	28	6	6	7	72	7	18	6	6
Some	69	69	50	-	67	-	50	70	70	50	15	76	71	54	43
No	25	22	44	-	26	-	22	24	24	43	13	17	11	40	51
Dietitians or nutritionists
A lot	24	21	6	-	25	-	40	28	21	5	68	25	42	20	20
Some	66	69	54	-	67	-	50	65	69	56	18	65	53	66	71
No	10	10	40	-	8	-	10	7	10	39	14	10	5	14	9

%	Public							Students
	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
Q9. Genes from most types of organisms are interchangeable. Would potatoes made more nutritious through biotechnology be acceptable or unacceptable to you if genes were added from another type of plant, such as corn? Why?
+	56	56	39	56	82	45	50	86	75	51	58	78	65	79	76
-	27	23	25	21	4	24	24	9	9	18	18	7	17	8	11
?	17	21	36	23	14	31	26	5	16	31	24	15	18	13	13
Q10. Would such potatoes be acceptable or unacceptable to you if the new genes came from an animal? Why?
+	19	23	11	29	48	16	22	49	42	16	27	48	17	25	25
-	60	54	40	42	19	42	52	32	24	37	39	19	58	48	48
?	21	23	49	29	33	42	26	19	34	47	33	33	25	27	27
Q11. Would chicken made less fatty through biotechnology be acceptable or unacceptable if genes were added to the chicken from another type of animal? Why?
+	29	40	20	40	68	32	26	50	42	30	42	68	42	41	42
-	46	40	41	27	10	35	46	25	27	35	24	13	36	27	31
?	25	20	39	33	22	33	28	25	31	35	34	19	22	32	27
Q12. Would such chicken be acceptable or unacceptable if the genes came from a human? Why?
+	10	16	6	16	29	10	14	20	20	11	18	30	7	14	19
-	78	66	53	52	44	66	64	65	53	52	41	44	81	65	70
?	12	18	41	32	27	24	22	15	27	37	41	26	12	21	11

	Public							Students
%	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZ	A	J	In	T	P	S	HK
N	322	199	347	530	686	431	50	95	109	428	318	231	157	248	104
Media(inc.Radio)	8.1	13.6	11.5	5.3	20.4	3.7	0	10.5	28.4	26.6	2.8	23.4	5.7	2.0	12.5
Newspaper	5.3	3.5	52.4	7.7	22.3	47.3	2	3.2	6.4	40.4	7.9	17.3	3.8	6.5	12.5
TV	7.5	3.5	56.2	1.3	18.5	42.0	4	1.1	7.3	44.9	2.8	16.5	5.1	2.0	14.4
Magazines	5.3	6.5	31.1	10.0	31.6	25.8	8	8.4	12.8	27.3	12.3	26.4	12.1	5.2	13.5
Books	7.8	10.1	15.8	9.1	32.8	29.5	6	11.6	11.9	21.7	9.1	33.8	7.6	2.4	17.3
Friends	5.6	8.0	7.8	3.4	6.1	2.8	2	13.7	11.0	14.5	5.3	10.0	3.8	0.4	2.9
Personal experience	9.3	17.1	5.2	11.7	28.1	7.2	8	17.9	5.5	0.9	11.0	38.1	15.9	2.4	24.0
Common sense	4.3	4.0	1.2	1.7	4.1	0.2	2	6.3	0.9	1.2	1.3	9.1	0	4.8	3.8
Religion	5.3	4.5	0.6	0.9	0.2	0	6	10.5	5.5	0	1.6	0	14.6	2.0	5.8
History	5.3	5.5	0.3	3.8	0.2	0	2	4.2	4.6	0	2.5	0.4	1.9	1.2	3.8
Pollution	18.0	13.6	0.9	4.3	2.5	0	0	21.1	21.1	9.3	5.3	0.4	10.2	6.9	6.7
Misuse possible	16.5	14.6	0.6	2.8	0.7	0	10	12.6	6.4	0	3.8	0	5.7	7.3	6.7
Against nature	9.0	6.5	0	1.3	0	0.2	2	5.3	5.5	0	0	0	2.5	2.4	1.0
Fear of unknown	7.5	8.5	0	2.8	0.6	0	4	1.1	5.5	0.2	3.5	0	10.2	9.3	2.9
Hope in science	6.5	9.5	0.6	8.3	1.2	0	4	9.5	12.8	0	6.3	0	7.0	4.4	9.6
Social affect bad	6.2	2.0	0.3	2.8	0	0.2	6	4.2	5.5	0	3.8	0	6.4	5.6	2.9
Other	6.5	7.5	10.4	15.1	4.8	0.2	0	18.9	20.2	23.8	10.7	1.3	2.5	12.1	3.8
Don'tunderstand	4.0	2.0	0	0	0.2	0	0	2.2	2.8	0	0	0	0	0.4	0
Not stated	23.0	25.6	16.1	43.0	7.4	19.0	60	17.9	20.2	12.9	43.1	7.4	36.9	47.2	27.9

	Public							Students
a	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Is	NZs	As	Js	Ins	T	Ps	Ss	HK
a. Bought foods labeled as "pesticide free"
Yes	44	45	57	8	47	-	38	32	30	45	7	40	29	14	18
No	19	18	24	58	28	-	32	16	9	32	59	23	17	29	25
DK	37	37	19	34	25	-	30	52	61	23	34	37	54	57	57
b. Stopped buying a product because it caused environmental problems
Yes	63	70	51	32	77	8	50	65	57	38	31	69	60	51	32
No	28	23	29	49	15	65	36	30	36	46	51	17	33	34	58
DK	9	7	20	19	8	27	14	5	7	16	18	14	7	15	10
c. Contributed money or time to an environmental cause
Yes	60	54	39	52	75	14	32	58	57	18	42	56	68	34	44
No	36	44	56	40	21	82	62	35	40	75	49	35	31	50	38
DK	4	2	7	8	4	4	6	7	3	7	9	9	1	16	18
d. Changed your life style in significant ways to protect the environment
Yes	48	61	28	50	79	12	30	39	42	12	44	79	77	40	44
No	47	35	58	38	16	78	58	51	54	71	42	16	18	43	48
DK	5	4	14	12	5	10	12	10	4	17	14	5	5	17	8
e. Stopped eating a certain food because of concerns over its safety
Yes	55	52	66	50	85	53	58	44	41	57	49	83	80	56	50
No	39	44	30	39	11	38	38	49	50	36	35	14	13	25	38
DK	6	4	4	11	4	9	4	7	9	7	16	3	7	19	12
f. Sorted out certain types of household waste (glass, papers, ...) for recycling
Yes	82	85	90	51	58	-	32	79	76	87	45	52	50	40	51
No	17	15	8	44	39	-	60	19	23	9	50	41	46	52	46
DK	1	0	2	5	3	-	8	2	1	4	5	7	4	8	3
g. Saved energy, for example, by using less hot water, by closing doors and windows in winter to save heat
Yes	94	94	78	77	97	67	60	96	83	60	61	95	89	49	67
No	5	5	18	18	3	28	36	3	13	32	32	5	9	37	26
DK	1	1	4	5	0.3	5	4	1	4	8	7	0	2	14	7

%	Public							Students
	NZ	A	J	India	Thai	R	Isr	NZ	A	J	India	Thai	P	S	HK
N	322	198	347	535	685	440	50	95	110	431	318	232	158	250	104
Not stated	12.7	13.1	13.8	23.0	10.1	29.7	46	5.3	9.1	16.2	24.5	9.5	14.6	12.0	12.5
Beauty	4.0	3.0	8.1	10.1	1.2	2.7	4	6.3	5.5	2.1	9.7	2.2	1.9	7.2	1.9
Scenery	13.4	11.6	21.1	8.8	14.7	23.4	4	15.8	4.5	30.1	9.1	14.2	21.5	18.0	5.8
Harmony/ Everything	24.8	31.8	15.6	19.1	33.4	6.4	16	38.9	33.6	9.1	19.8	28.4	15.8	13.2	32.7
Ecology problem	9.3	9.1	13.2	9.2	10.4	2.7	6	5.3	12.7	3.2	6.6	12.9	11.4	6.8	4.8
Picture	6.2	8.6	6.6	12.7	31.3	31.1	4	13.7	21.8	20.2	18.2	41.8	31.6	26.4	35.6
Encounter	7.1	11.1	8.6	5.8	6.9	0.5	8	6.3	6.4	3.1	6.9	9.1	5.1	2.4	11.5
God	6.8	7.1	2.9	17.8	8.5	3.0	10	11.6	3.6	2.1	17.0	3.0	13.9	7.6	4.8
Left untouched	37.6	35.4	23.7	15.0	11.7	3.9	14	45.3	43.6	14.7	15.4	9.9	11.4	24.0	21.2
Flow/energy	5.6	2.0	4.3	1.3	1.3	0.9	0	0	0.9	0.9	0.3	0.9	0	1.2	0
Forests	9.9	8.6	7.5	8.0	6.0	3.2	8	16.8	18.2	18.4	8.1	7.8	15.2	17.2	9.6
Peace	1.9	2.5	1.9	2.4	0.3	0.7	0	6.3	3.6	4.2	2.8	0	3.2	1.6	2.9
Body/health	1.2	2.0	0	0	0	0.5	0	0	0.9	0.2	0	0	0	0	0
Resource	2.5	3.0	6.0	7.5	2.6	0.3	4	2.1	1.8	0.7	5.3	0.9	2.5	2.4	4.8
Refreshing	3.1	2.0	3.4	0.9	0	0.5	2	3.2	3.6	0.5	0.3	0	2.5	2.0	0
Frightening	1.9	2.5	3.8	0.7	0	0.3	6	1.1	0.9	1.4	0.9	0	1.3	0.4	0
Living things	9.0	9.6	5.2	5.4	4.7	2.7	0	6.3	13.6	6.0	2.5	6.0	5.7	11.2	2.9
No humans	1.2	0	0.6	1.3	6.9	1.6	2	6.3	0	1.2	1.3	6.5	2.5	4.0	6.7
Other	7.5	4.5	11.0	6.4	4.8	1.8	8	4.2	3.6	10.4	5.7	6.5	4.4	5.6	4.8

%	Public							Students
Life	NZ	A	J	In	T	R	Isr	NZs	As	Js	In	T	P	S	HK
N	324	199	352	538	685	426	50	96	110	422	316	232	159	250	104
Not stated	22.8	16.1	20.2	26.6	16.2	38.3	50	15.6	20.0	25.4	25.6	11.6	28.3	18.0	21.2
To be saved	15.1	9.0	32.1	8.4	6.7	1.6	4	15.6	10.0	17.3	7.3	6.0	12.6	10.4	15.4
Enjoy	14.2	15.6	3.4	8.9	15.3	4.7	12	8.3	11.8	2.6	15.2	14.2	7.5	7.2	5.8
Action	9.8	11.0	2.3	11.7	3.8	9.9	4	25.0	10.0	3.1	11.1	3.9	1.9	5.2	6.7
Health	13.0	15.0	7.7	5.0	3.9	2.1	6	10.4	6.4	1.7	1.3	3.4	2.5	3.2	6.7
LIfe & Death	12.7	20.1	26.7	14.7	22.6	4.2	12	7.3	14.5	17.1	12.0	26.3	6.9	15.2	11.5
Family/friends	3.7	6.0	1.4	2.2	12.8	3.8	4	1.0	2.7	0.5	0.9	9.9	4.4	3.2	1.9
Encounter	9.9	8.5	5.1	7.8	7.9	1.2	12	17.7	18.2	0.7	21.8	8.2	9.4	12.8	8.7
God	9.6	7.0	11.1	15.2	4.5	5.6	2	12.5	8.1	11.4	10.8	4.3	23.3	8.4	10.6
Baby	7.7	8.0	10.5	0.9	5.0	8.9	8	10.4	12.7	8.1	2.2	5.2	8.2	12.0	3.8
Living things	11.4	20.6	9.4	6.5	4.7	1.6	10	16.7	17.3	8.8	3.8	5.2	6.3	10.0	12.5
harmony/everything	5.6	4.5	3.4	5.0	4.7	4.9	0	3.1	6.4	0.5	4.4	3.0	4.4	1.6	3.8
Natural	4.0	4.0	5.4	1.5	5.0	4.7	0	0	2.7	2.4	1.3	3.9	0.6	3.2	1.9
Ecology	1.5	4.5	1.7	1.3	0.2	2.1	2	0	3.6	0.2	0.6	1.3	1.9	0	0
Beauty	0.9	0.5	0.9	0.9	0.3	2.1	2	2.1	0.9	0.9	1.6	0.9	1.3	2.0	1.0
Scenery	0.3	0.5	0.8	1.1	0.2	2.3	0	0	0	0.5	0.6	0.9	0.6	0.4	0
Picture	4.0	3.5	5.7	6.9	21.2	22.3	4	9.4	10.0	12.3	8.9	24.1	20.1	14.4	20.2
Scientific definition	3.4	6.5	2.3	2.4	3.5	1.4	0	6.3	3.6	5.0	1.9	5.6	0.6	1.6	3.8
Other	5.2	5.5	11.7	12.8	6.4	1.2	8	8.3	3.6	21.8	13.9	5.2	5.7	12.0	10.6